The Financial Concept That everyone should have knowledge by 30

Four of the most common words/phrases in #Finance are interlinked. You will find people from all walks of the Financial world - be it traders, brokers, investment analysts, wealth managers, insurance agents - talking about risk, return, risk-return tradefoff, and diversification.

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Basic definitions

Risk: 

Risk is negative. It is the potential loss that can occur when you undertake any initiative. It is the uncertainty in the expected outcome of your initiative. 

Risk is everywhere :

Your risk losing all your savings if the bank goes bankrupt, or if the price of your property suddenly plummets due to a bubble burst, or your startup fails costing you your entire capital and time invested till date.
Usually, instruments backed by governments (bonds, T-bills) or by large corporations (like stocks, savings accounts) are low on risk.
Risk is usually measure using Standard deviation of the portfolio return.

Bull market

A bull market refers to a market that is on the rise, which is a good thing. That means that prices of shares in the market are increasing. Usually a bull market also means the economy is in a good state, and the level of unemployment is low. The US is currently in a bull market .

Bear market

A bear market is the opposite of bull. In other words, the market is declining. Share prices are decreasing, the economy is in a downfall, and unemployment levels are rising.
It sounds like a bad thing (and it certainly isn't good), but Storjohann says the most important thing to keep in mind is that the market is a "rollercoaster," meaning it's bound to go up and down and people shouldn't panic every time the market looks a little ursine. "Millennials have time on their side," she explains, "and over time money has the ability to grow."

Return: 

Return is positive. It is the reward you get for your efforts.
It can be the interest you earn from your deposits in a savings account, the dividend from a stock, the capital gain from selling a property at a price higher than you purchased it for.
Risk-return trade-off: The relationship between risk and return is a fairly simple direct relationship. 

The higher the return desired, the higher should be the risk appetite. If there was an option where the risk was low for a high-return investment opportunity, everyone would flock to it, thus driving up its demand and lowering the return. 

Basically, "no pain, no gain".

Diversification: 

Diversification is the finance way of saying "Do not put all your eggs in the same basket".

If you invest in a single financial instrument (security, stock, bond, derivative), you risk losing all your investment. However, with judicious selection of different investment vehicles and allocating your funds in an optimal manner, you can maximize your returns without increasing your risk or exposure.

Portfolio: 

A portfolio is nothing but a collection of your various investments.

Financial independence is a supreme power: Says Padma Shri winner

A Padma Shri recipient, winner of a People’s Choice award, Miss World 2000,  actress, singer, American TV star… You know who she is. Priyanka Chopra . But do you know what she thinks about money? 

Professionally, it is difficult to sum up Priyanka Chopra in one word—she is a Bollywood superstar, pop singer, TV star of the popular show Quantico, debutant in Hollywood’s upcoming movie Baywatch, former Miss World, and now a regional movie producer. However, when it comes to her own money management, the one word that she uses for herself is “ant”. “When it comes to an everyday situation, I am like an ant. I keep putting money aside because I know that if I want to splurge, there is a big mountain of money that I can use.”

Here are five money lessons that she stands by.

1. Financial independence is a supreme power

The first money lesson that padma shre winner learnt from her mother was the importance of being financially independent. Her mother had played a important role for in her financial independence her Mother always said that when a woman is financially independent, she has the ability to live life on her own terms. According to the her that was the best advice that she ever got. No matter where you go in life, or who you get married to, you have to be financial independent. You don’t know which curve balls life will throw at you. Hence, you need to have the ability to take care of yourself and people whom you love. Earning itself doesn’t make you financially independent. When you know how much money you have, where it is and what it can do, it’s easier to take decisions. (How to invest like warren Buffet?)

2. First save, then spend

“This habit of saving first and then spending was inculcated even before she started earning—when she used to get my pocket money. she used to save her pocket money. She was not a miser. She used to keep putting money aside because she know that if shewant to splurge, there is a big mountain of money that she can use which gets accumulated,” says Chopra.

One must always save a part of what one earns. The target need not be very high target in the beginning. The equation should always be income minus savings is equal to expenses. You can do this by putting your savings on auto-pilot by letting a fixed amount be invested every month.

3. Seek professional advice

Chopra is among the busiest stars in the Indian film industry. Since her work leaves her with little extra time, she depends on a team to manage her finances. “she have a good team who takes care of all of that. she leave it to the people who actually know what they are doing.she have a really amazing team, which includes her business managers over there (in the US) and over here (in India). Her mom heads it. So, she don’t even get into the nitty-gritties,

The money that you earn and save needs to be managed productively. So, if you don’t have time or don’t understand money management, seek professional help. Your financial planner or adviser will not only help you make appropriate investment decisions but also reset the financial discipline that you need to achieve your goals. A dedicated financial adviser whom you trust can bring clarity and stability to your money life.

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4. Be regular

Be it your studies, career, or investment, your efforts need to be consistent to get results. “If you consistently ace every exam or every test you take, you will keep on getting A+. If you study for all small tests, and get an A+ for all, eventually you will come first in class. Anything you do, you can’t lower your standards; eventually you will win. The plan is not the big win; the plan is winning today, right now,” says Chopra. Incremental investments need to be made regularly. To grow wealth, money needs to be added bit by bit. Be disciplined in investing. Besides keeping money aside consistently, take a relook at investments when needed.

5. Keep track of your money

In the initial days of her career, Chopra used to keep track of her money by jotting down details in a diary. “Initially, mom and I used to have a little diary where we would write what is coming in and what is going out just to keep track because there are months where you get a lot of money and then there are months where you get nothing. So you have to be able to make sure that you even-out for the entire year. This was especially so in the beginning for me,” shares Chopra. Whether you have a regular income or not, begin with writing down all expenses. You could use a diary, and Excel sheet or even apps. If you track your cash flow, you will be able to track down unnecessary expenses.

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